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Schmidt, G. W. (1994). Leitfaden zum Fischartenschutz in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Recklinghausen: Landesanstalt fuer Ökologie, Bodenordnung und Forsten/Landesamt fuer Agrarordnung Nordrhein-Westfalen.
Zusammenfassung: Beim Schutz von Fischen, Neunaugen, Zehnfusskrebsen und Grossmuscheln wurden in der Vergangenheit nicht selten Fehler gemacht, die aus ungenuegender Sachkenntnis resultierten. Dieser Leitfaden wendet sich an Fischer und Freunde heimischer Wassertiere. Er schildert in allgemeinverstaendlicher Weise die Situation der Fischfauna in Nordrhein-Westfalen, informiert ueber ihre Gefaehrdung und gibt allgemeine Richtlinien fuer die Durchfuehrung von Hilfsmassnahmen. Spezielle Angaben fuer einzelne Arten werden nicht gemacht, da hierbei die jeweiligen lokalen Bedingungen von besonderem Gewicht sind.
Schlüsselwörter: Artenschutz, Fischerei, Fisch, Neunauge, Krebs, Muschel
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Hiramatsu, K., Akamine, T., & Kitada, S. (1995). Effectiveness of partial likelyhood of estimating fish mortality rates from tag recoveries and the stock composition in the mixed population based on genetic data.
Zusammenfassung: Because of the simplicity of calculation and the availability of evaluating the precision of the estimates, a partial likelihood approach has been used for estimating fish mortality rates from tag recoveries and the stock composition in the mixed population based on genetic data. We compare the partial likelihood estimator with the full likelihood estimator, and find that under some conditions, both estimators are the same. The above applications meet the conditions and hence the estimates using the partial likelihood are the same as the ones using the full likelihood. In this case, the partial likelihood approach is quite useful.
Schlüsselwörter: stock-assessment; tagging-; genomes-; fishing-mortality; mixing-ratio; mathematical-analysis
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Akamine, T. (1985). Consideration of the BASIC programs to analyse the polymodal frequency distribution into normal distributions.
Zusammenfassung: BASIC programs to analyse the polymodal frequency distribution into normal distributions were studied and a Maximum-Likelihood program was compared with a Least-Squares program and its variations. The Maximum-Likehood method is the most suitable procedure for the problem. The X super(2) minimum method is more suitable than the Least-Squares method for normal data, but the latter is more suitable than the former for abnormal data which have a few separate parts at the end of a distribution. These methods are easy to apply for a good estimation. Parameters are stable where an obvious minimal value is recognized between neighboring distributions, but the confidence intervals of the parameters are larger than for the parts where it is not recognized.
Schlüsselwörter: LÄngenfrequenz, methode, fischerei, basic, listing, statistik, mathematik, normalverteilung, modell, algorithmus
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Leshkevich, G. A. (1995). Great Lakes CoastWatch program update.
Zusammenfassung: As the CoastWatch regional node for the Great Lakes, the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) is working to obtain and/or develop and deliver environmental data and products for near real-time monitoring of the Great Lakes to support environmental science and decision making. In support of this goal, GLERL is providing access to near real-time and retrospective satellite observations and in-situ data for the Great Lakes to Federal, state, and local agencies and academic institutions. There are currently nearly 40 regional CoastWatch users. The goals and objectives of the Great Lakes CoastWatch Program directly support agency statutory responsibilities in estuarine and marine science, living marine resource protection, and ecosystem monitoring and management. GLERL is currently receiving an enhanced digital image product suite of 26 images including satellite derived surface-temperature, visible and near-infrared reflectance, brightness temperatures, satellite and solar zenith angle data, and cloud masks from the NOAA-12 satellite. These products are downloaded from the NOAA Ocean Products Center (OPC) via INTERNET on a daily basis and archived at GLERL. Over 32,000 image products have been received and archived since becoming the Great Lakes CoastWatch Node in 1990. GOES-8 data is also currently being received.
Schlüsselwörter: North-America,-Great-Lakes; monitoring-; decision-making; satellite-technology; coastal-waters; ecosystems-; data-transmission; environmental-monitoring; satellite-sensing
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Gein, W. A. v., & Gillissen, I. (1993). Area computation of polygons (Vol. 70).
Zusammenfassung: Area computation has always been an important task for land surveyors. Until recently the hydrographic surveyor could utilize approximative methods, as results up to 0.1 km super(2) were sufficient for many purposes. Investigations resulted in computation algorithms, usable on the ellipsoid, with accuracies of the square metre magnitude.
Schlüsselwörter: hydrographic-surveying; boundaries-
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Richter, H., & Ambrosius, H. (1972). Ein hochmolekulares Immunglobulin des Flußbarsches (Perca fluviatilis L.) (Vol. 26).
Zusammenfassung: Antikörper vom Flußbarsch wurden Immunisierung mit löslichen und partikulären Antigenen untersucht. Diese Tierart bildet nur hochmolekulare Antikörper mit einem S-Wert von 14 bis 15, die überwiegend gegen Behandlung mit 2-Merkaptoäthanol resistent sind. Die gereinigten anti-Humangammaglobulin-Antikörper sind beta1-Globuline. Die H-Ketten dieser Immunglobuline wandern im Harnstoff/Stärkegel ähnlich den ?-Ketten. Das Molekulargewicht der H-Ketten beträgt 65000. Untersuchungen über die 2-Merkaptoäthanolresistenz dieser Antikörper deuten daraufhin, daß sie niedrig affin sind und daß sich die Affinität im Verlauf der Immunisierung nicht erhöht.
Schlüsselwörter: Fisch, Parasit
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Gascuel, D. (1994). [A simple adjustment method of age-length keys: Application to yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) catches in the East Atlantic.] (Vol. 51).
Zusammenfassung: An adjustment method for age-length keys is presented that incorporates yearly variability in cohort abundances. The method is based on two models (one for growth and the other for standard deviations of length versus age) and involves an iterative algorithm. The algorithm rapidly converges to stable results that yield, under some conditions, maximum likelihood estimates. It is also used to estimate parameters of the length standard deviation model. The method is applied to yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) catches in the eastern Atlantic from 1975 to 1989.
Schlüsselwörter: fishery-management; stock-assessment; mathematical-models; growth-curves; biological-age; length-; Thunnus-albacares; AE,-East-Atlantic; tuna-fisheries
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Ebel, G. (1996). Beobachtungen im Helmegebiet zur Reproduktion der Barbe (Vol. 33).
Zusammenfassung: Am Mittel- und Unterlauf der Helme (Sachsen-Anhalt) wurden im Frühjahr 1994 und 1995 drei Laichplätze der Barbe (Barbus barbus L.) aufgefunden, von denen einer durch Sohlräumungsarbeiten im Juli 1995 vernichtet wurde. An den andern beiden Laichplätzen wurden im August 1995 Jungfische nachgewiesen. Gefährdet ist die Barbe vor allem durch wasserbauliche Unterhaltungsmaßnahmen (Böschungsbefestigungen, Beseitigung von Ufergehölzen, Sohlberäumungsmaßnahmen). Der Verfasser beschreibt Reproduktionsverhalten und Habitatansprüche der Barbe und stellt notwendige Schutzmaßnahmen zusammen.
Schlüsselwörter: Artenschutz, Habitat, Wasserbau, Fisch, Barbe, Barbus barbus, Fortpflanzung
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Akamine, T. (1988). Estimation of parameter for Richards model.
Zusammenfassung: Akamine's (1986) BASIC program by Marquardt's method was rewritten for Richards model and its expanded model by the periodic function. For 0.9 similar to 1.1 the “LOG” function is corrected by Taylor series. Data estimated to be negative are cut off. AIC judges the effect of adding n to the parameters. Richards model is not so important in practice but it is important theoretically.
Schlüsselwörter: Wachstum, theorie, methode, statistik, listing, basic, modell
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France, R., Holmes, J., & Lynch, A. (1991). Use of size-frequency data to estimate the age composition of crayfish populations (Vol. 48).
Zusammenfassung: Age-classes in crayfish populations can be determined from size-frequency data provided 4 tents are adhered to only crayfish collected from areas of rock substrate are used; trapping are excluded; species do not have longevities exceeding about 4 yr; and most importantly, sample sizes are greater than about 200. Studies that have failed to follow these guidelines have met with limited success in dissecting mixed frequency distributions. Further, 3 validation procedures must be undertaken: temporal replication within molting events to measure the precision of both data collection and size-frequency analysis; corroboration with known-age crayfish from either field recaptures or laboratory molt increments; and concordance with independent analysis of the mean size at onset of sexual maturity. When these checks support the size-frequency results, population age composition and analyses of rates of growth or mortality can be considered reliable.
Schlüsselwörter: Krebs, lÄngenfrequenz, methode, statistik, population
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